Deep Vein Thrombosis: Main Symptoms and Risk Factors

Deep Vein Thrombosis: Main Symptoms and Risk Factors

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious medical condition characterized by the formation of blood clots (thrombi) in the deep veins, most often in the legs. These clots can disrupt normal blood flow and, in the worst case, lead to dangerous complications such as pulmonary embolism, when a blood clot travels to the lungs. It is important to know the symptoms of this condition, as early diagnosis and treatment can prevent serious consequences.

Main symptoms of deep vein thrombosis

The most common symptoms of deep vein thrombosis are swelling, pain, and skin discoloration. The first and most characteristic symptom is swelling in the limb, usually the leg where the blood clot formed. In the initial stages, the swelling may be mild, but it increases over time, especially if you do not seek medical attention.

The second important symptom is pain. The pain of DVT usually occurs below the knee or in the calf muscles. People with this condition describe the pain as dull or burning, which is aggravated by movement or pressure on the affected area. It is important to note that the pain may not be very severe in the early stages, which makes the diagnosis of the disease more difficult.

The third symptom that indicates the presence of thrombosis is a change in skin color at the site of the blood clot. The skin may become red or bluish, especially if the clot blocks blood flow in the veins. In some cases, there may also be a feeling of warmth in the affected area.

Risk factors for DVT

Deep vein thrombosis can develop as a result of various factors. The most common are prolonged immobility, such as during long trips or after surgery. People who cannot move due to injuries or disabilities are at increased risk.

Other risk factors include obesity, smoking, chronic diseases such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease, and pregnancy. Pregnant women are at increased risk of developing DVT due to hormonal changes and increased pressure on the blood vessels as a result of the growing fetus.

The importance of timely medical attention

If you notice any of the above symptoms, do not delay a visit to the doctor. Early detection of deep vein thrombosis can significantly reduce the risk of developing complications. The doctor may prescribe the necessary examinations, such as an ultrasound of the veins, to confirm the diagnosis.

If the diagnosis is confirmed, treatment may include the use of anticoagulants (drugs that reduce blood clotting), and in more severe cases, surgery to remove the blood clot. It is important to follow your doctor's recommendations and not stop treatment without consultation.

Prevention of deep vein thrombosis

Prevention is a key element in the fight against deep vein thrombosis. To reduce the risk of developing the disease, it is important to maintain an active lifestyle, avoid long periods of sitting or standing without movement. It is also recommended to wear compression stockings to maintain normal blood circulation, especially for people at increased risk.

Regular exercise, weight control and quitting smoking will help reduce the risk of developing DVT. In case of long trips, it is important to take breaks to warm up and move around to prevent blood stagnation in the legs.

Deep vein thrombosis is a serious disease that requires attention and timely treatment. Knowing the main symptoms and risk factors can help detect the disease in the early stages and avoid serious complications. If you notice swelling, pain or changes in the color of the skin on your legs, consult a doctor. Proper prevention and an active lifestyle will help reduce the risk of developing this dangerous disease.