Causes and Signs of Cataracts

Causes and Signs of Cataracts

Cataracts are one of the most common causes of vision loss among older people worldwide. This eye disease is characterized by the gradual clouding of the natural lens of the eye, which is normally clear. Although cataracts develop slowly, they can significantly affect a person's quality of life and ability to see even basic things around them.

One of the main causes of cataracts is aging. As we age, the natural lens of the eye begins to lose its transparency, and this process is inevitable for everyone. Other risk factors include prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays, especially without protection, and smoking. Scientific studies also confirm the link between cataracts and certain medical conditions, such as diabetes.

The key sign of cataracts is a gradual deterioration in vision. The first symptoms may include blurred vision, especially if it occurs in one eye. People may also notice that they are more sensitive to glare and bright lights, and have reduced visual acuity in low light.

In some cases, people may notice changes in color perception, such as colors becoming less saturated or magnified. Another common symptom may be the appearance of halos around light sources, which can make it difficult to drive or even walk at night.

Early diagnosis of cataracts is key to successful treatment. Ophthalmologists usually use a detailed eye exam to detect the presence of clouding of the cornea. While in many cases, simply observing symptoms is sufficient, there are cases where surgery is necessary to remove the diseased cornea and replace it with an artificial lens.

Overall, cataracts are a serious condition that can affect a person’s quality of life, but with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, many cases can be successfully controlled. If you notice any changes in your vision, especially in old age, it is important to consult an ophthalmologist for professional advice and diagnosis.